Glycemia and Lipidemia in Term Newborns Correlate With Maternal Metabolism.

The present study characterized the plasma glycemic and lipid profiles in full-term newborn babies at birth and correlated these variables with growth markers and maternal clinical and metabolic conditions, to observe if maternal pregnancy conditions can influence metabolic programming in these newborn babies. Anthropometric and biochemical data were collected from 162 mother/newborn binomials at birth and at 6 months at a public hospital in Western Paraná State, Brazil. Samples of blood tests for glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, and triglycerides were obtained. Two classes of mothers/babies were statistically defined. The glycemic profiles in Class 1, at birth, were 63.0 ± 19.6 mg/dL and at 6 months 80.4 ± 10.6 mg/dL; in Class 2, at birth, they were 66.1 ± 20.8 mg/dL and at 6 months 78.2 ± 9.4 mg/dL. The triglycerides levels in Class 1 and Class 2, at birth, were 124.5 ± 47.8 mg/dL and 132.6 ± 60.2 mg/dL, respectively, and at 6 months they were 139.0 ± 51.5 mg/dL and 115.2 ± 39.9 mg/dL, respectively. Even though most of the pregnant women were overweight at the end of the gestation period, the anthropometric patterns found for babies followed the desirable standards. Furthermore, the average glycemic profile values were between the cutoff standards at birth and at 6 months; however, the triglycerides were above the expected values.

Hypertension and maternal urinary tract infection and the metabolic conditions of preterm infants.

OBJECTIVE: The present study evaluated the anthropometric and metabolic profiles of preterm infants (PT) born from mothers with urinary tract infections (UTI) and mothers with hypertensive disorders (HD). METHOD: This was a longitudinal prospective study conducted between May 2015 and August 2016. First, 59 mothers with premature birth were included; after excluding 29 mothers, two subgroups were created: UTI-mothers (n=12) and HD-mothers (n=18). The anthropometric and metabolic variables of mothers and their respective PT were analyzed at birth and at 6 months of corrected age (CA). RESULTS: Plasma triglyceride levels were higher among HD-mothers and their respective PT in comparison with UTI-mothers and their PT at 6 m of CA. CONCLUSION: Plasma triglyceride level is an important metabolic biomarker in HD-mothers resulting in higher triglyceride levels among PT at the CA of 6 m, suggesting an early programming effect of maternal hypertension.

Hypertension and maternal urinary tract infection and the metabolic conditions of preterm infants / Hipertensión e infección del tracto urinario en madres y condiciones metabólicas de prematuros / Hipertensão e infecção do trato urinário maternas e condições metabólicas em prematuros

ABSTRACT Objective: The present study evaluated the anthropometric and metabolic profiles of preterm infants (PT) born from mothers with urinary tract infections (UTI) and mothers with hypertensive disorders (HD). Method: This was a longitudinal prospective study conducted between May 2015 and August 2016. First, 59 mothers with premature birth were included; after excluding 29 mothers, two subgroups were created: UTI-mothers (n=12) and HD-mothers (n=18). The anthropometric and metabolic variables of mothers and their respective PT were analyzed at birth and at 6 months of corrected age (CA). Results: Plasma triglyceride levels were higher among HD-mothers and their respective PT in comparison with UTI-mothers and their PT at 6 m of CA. Conclusion: Plasma triglyceride level is an important metabolic biomarker in HD-mothers resulting in higher triglyceride levels among PT at the CA of 6 m, suggesting an early programming effect of maternal hypertension.

RESUMEN Objetivo: El estudio evaluó los perfiles antropométricos y metabólicos de prematuros (PT) nacidos de madres con infección del tracto urinario (ITU) y de madres con desórdenes hipertensivos (DH). Método: Estudio longitudinal-prospectivo, realizado entre mayo de 2015 y agosto de 2016. Inicialmente fueron incluidas 59 madres con partos prematuros; luego de 29 exclusiones, fueron separadas en dos grupos: madres-ITU (n=12) y madres-DH (n=18). Las variables antropométricas y metabólicas fueron analizadas en las madres y en sus PT al nacimiento y a los 6 meses de edad corregida (EC). Resultados: Los niveles de triglicéridos plasmáticos fueron mayores en madres-DH y en sus PT, en comparación con las madres-ITU y sus PT a los 6 meses de EC. Conclusión: Los niveles de triglicéridos plasmáticos constituyen un importante biomarcador metabólico en madres-DH, determinando valores elevados de triglicéridos en PT de 6 meses de EC, sugiriendo de modo precoz un efecto programador de hipertensión maternal.

RESUMO Objetivo: No presente estudo foram avaliados os perfis antropométricos e metabólicos de prematuros (PT) nascidos de mães com Infecção do trato Urinário (ITU) e mães com Desordens Hipertensivas (DH). Método: Este é um estudo longitudinal-prospectivo realizado entre Maio de 2015 a Agosto de 2016. Inicialmente, 59 mães com parto prematuro foram incluídas; após 29 exclusões as mães foram subdivididas em dois grupos: mães-ITU (n=12) e mães-DH (n=18). As variáveis antropométricas e metabólicas foram analisadas nas mães e nos seus respectivos PT ao nascimento e aos 6 meses de Idade Corrigida (IC). Resultados: Os níveis de triglicerídeos plasmáticos foram maiores em mães-DH, bem como, em seus respectivos PT, quando comparados às mães-ITU e seus PT aos 6 m IC. Conclusão: Os níveis dos triglicerídeos plasmáticos são um importante biomarcador metabólico in mães-DH resultando em elevados valores de triglicerídeos in PT aos 6 m de IC; sugerindo precoce efeito programador da hipertensão maternal.

Effectiveness of the Family Health Strategy in units with, and without, the Mais Médicos (More Doctors) Program in a municipality in the west of Paraná state, Brazil. / Efetividade da Estratégia Saúde da Família em unidades com e sem Programa Mais Médicos em município no oeste do Paraná, Brasil.

Two years after the Mais Médicos (More Doctors) Program, (Programa Mais Médicos - PMM) was put in place in Brazil, there is a need to study its feasibility. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the primary healthcare service offered, from the point of view of the health professionals, comparing units which have, and which do not have, doctors from the Mais Médicos Program. It is a quantitative survey, using for data collection the instrument Primary Care Assessment Tool - Brazil, Version for Health Professionals, applied across the totality of the family health units in a medium sized municipality in the interior of the southern Brazilian State of Paraná, from November 2015 to February 2016. It covered 72 professionals, 47 of them allocated in Family Health Strategy (FHS) units and 25 in FHS units containing the Program. In both groups the scores for core attributes (6.93) and general attributes (7.10) were considered to be appropriate to the precepts of primary healthcare. However, the attributes accessibility (4.17), in both groups, and coordination - information system (6.57), in units with the Mais Médicos Program, did not reach the satisfactory level, indicating a need to alter the organization of the Family Health Strategy, whether the PMM program is implemented or not.

Efetividade da Estratégia Saúde da Família em unidades com e sem Programa Mais Médicos em município no oeste do Paraná, Brasil / Effectiveness of the Family Health Strategy in units with, and without, the Mais Médicos (More Doctors) Program in a municipality in the west of Paraná state, Brazil

Resumo Após dois anos de implantação do Programa Mais Médicos no país, estudar sua viabilidade faz-se necessário. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a efetividade da assistência oferecida na atenção primária, segundo a ótica dos profissionais de saúde, comparando-se unidades com e sem médicos do Programa Mais Médicos. Pesquisa quantitativa que utilizou para coleta de dados, o instrumento Primary Care Assesment Tool — Brasil, versão para profissionais de saúde, na totalidade das unidades de saúde da família, em município de médio porte, no interior do Paraná, de novembro de 2015 a fevereiro de 2016. Abrangeu 72 profissionais, 47 alocados em unidades da estratégia saúde da família e 25 nessas unidades contendo o programa. Os resultados evidenciaram que os escores dos atributos essencial (6,93) e geral (7,10) obtiveram valores considerados orientados aos preceitos da atenção primária, em ambas as unidades. Contudo, a acessibilidade (4,17), em ambas as unidades e coordenação — sistema de informações (6,57), em unidades com o Programa Mais Médicos, não atingiram avaliação satisfatória, o que remete à necessidade de alteração na organização da estratégia saúde da família, independente da implantação desse programa.

Abstract Two years after the Mais Médicos (More Doctors) Program, (Programa Mais Médicos — PMM) was put in place in Brazil, there is a need to study its feasibility. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the primary healthcare service offered, from the point of view of the health professionals, comparing units which have, and which do not have, doctors from the Mais Médicos Program. It is a quantitative survey, using for data collection the instrument Primary Care Assessment Tool — Brazil, Version for Health Professionals, applied across the totality of the family health units in a medium sized municipality in the interior of the southern Brazilian State of Paraná, from November 2015 to February 2016. It covered 72 professionals, 47 of them allocated in Family Health Strategy (FHS) units and 25 in FHS units containing the Program. In both groups the scores for core attributes (6.93) and general attributes (7.10) were considered to be appropriate to the precepts of primary healthcare. However, the attributes accessibility (4.17), in both groups, and coordination — information system (6.57), in units with the Mais Médicos Program, did not reach the satisfactory level, indicating a need to alter the organization of the Family Health Strategy, whether the PMM program is implemented or not.